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Mister 13

Spain
47 / Boy

Details

  • 2013-02-09
  • 0
  • 82
  • 2013
  • Painting
  • Aerosol Paint
  • Conceptual

Pricing

Price and availability not indicated

Tags

surreal, religion, horror, paint, traditional, graffiti

Rating

5.00
(3 votes)
cc_by

Other artworks by Mister 13

LUCEM AC TENEBRAS

- LUCEM AC TENEBRAS -

Description by Mister 13

Aerosol spray an kleenex on canvas, 2 coffee, 4 cigarette. Dualism (from the Latin word duo meaning "two") denotes a state of two parts. The term 'dualism' was originally coined to denote co-eternal binary opposition, a meaning that is preserved in metaphysical and philosophical duality discourse but has been diluted in general or common usages. Dualism can refer to moral dualism, ( the conflict between good and evil), mind-body or mind-matter dualism or physical dualism ( the Chinese Yin and Yang). Dualism holds to the belief that there are two elements of existence: Physical and Spiritual. Alternatively, dualism can mean the tendency of humans to perceive and understand the world as being divided into two overarching categories. In this sense, it is dualistic when one perceives a tree as a thing separate from everything surrounding it, or when one perceives a "self" that is distinct from the rest of the world. In traditions such as classical Hinduism, Zen Buddhism or Islamic Sufism, a key to enlightenment is "transcending" this sort of dualistic thinking, without merely substituting dualism with monism or pluralism. In some cultures, people (or also other beings) are believed to have two (or more) kinds of soul. In several cases, one of these souls is associated with body functions (and is sometimes thought to disappear after death, but not always), and the other one is able to leave the body (for example, a shaman's free-soul may be held to be able to undertake a spirit journey). The plethora of soul types may be even more complex. Since the dawn of time mystics and religious leaders have tried to discern what types of spirits are behind the events of the world. Importantly, were they good spirits or evil ones? In traditional religions shamans and the like would have the important duty of contacting spirits and finding out if they were benevolent or malevolent. Throughout the middle ages priests would bring in revenue doing exactly the same thing. New Agers and modern mystics pride themselves on how they can "feel" if a spirit in a particular room or location is good or evil, helpful or harmful. It holds that if we have free will to choose our actions whilst alive, and that our life comes from our soul, then our soul is what has free will. Our bodies are just biochemical machines; those who believe in free will and souls no doubt hold that it is the soul that allows free will to be exerted upon our otherwise mindless bodies. As the source of free will, the soul must also have free will after bodily death. This means that you cannot have spirits that are good or evil: They are capable of free will just as any other higher life. To say that a spirit is "evil" or "harmful" or "bad" is saying that it has no free will to act haphazardly. Although some humans seem to be almost purely evil, and some humans almost always attempt to do good, the vast majority exist in the middle ground. Spirits, at least the ones that are departed humans, continue to have free will and no doubt continue to mostly occupy the middle ground, being sometimes good, sometimes bad. The Human subconscious and environmental factors determine if we find a particular place spooky or whether we think a good or evil spirit might reside there. Most the time it is human projection. But given the existence of free will it seems that no spirit is either "good" or "evil": They will sometimes be good, sometimes be evil, just like Human beings. In addition, evil spirits can trick us into thinking they are good spirits, and sometimes even the most kind and benevolent person simply comes across as nasty (like God in the Old Testament): It is dangerous and wrong to pronounce that spirits are "good" or "evil", benevolent or malevolent. The concept of evil has been assigned many layers of meaning over the course of centuries. However, it begs the question: How is ‘evil’ stopped when definitions vary from it being non-existent according to Machiavellian philosophy to the real fear conveyed by moralists? Attempts to define good and evil in Western philosophy has haunted writers for centuries which has developed profoundly differing views in what is and is not evil. A Classical Greek philosopher, Plato is among the most influential philosophical thinkers. In The Republic, Plato states that what is not good for the cultivation of the soul is resultantly evil. Therefore, Plato spends much of his reflection on exploring the good in society in order to confirm what is evil. In The Republic, Plato presents a tripartite account of the soul. He considers the souls appetites (passions, emotions) to have the least ethical value. Our selfish and lustful urges are one form of evil because they compromise our rational and good nature. As a result, the rational portion of the soul – or the ‘good’ – should take precedence over the irrational and evil. In order to be of good character, the rational part of our soul needs to embody four key virtues: wisdom, courage, moderation, and justice. Any deviation from these virtues, in the form of behaviors such as recklessness, cowardice, excess, and prejudice, is viewed to be ‘evil.’ Unlike other Western philosophers, Plato did not assume that humans were inherently good or evil. We share elements of both. It is a matter of cultivating our soul to control our evils in a proper and healthy manner that makes us good. A trend concerning the concept of evil in Western philosophy is the belief that unfettered human freedom is a gateway to evil itself. English philosopher, John Stuart Mill warns that the greatest evil is not within the individual, but collectively in any society. Understanding good and evil are only as legitimate as the society that experiences and defines them. In his text On Liberty, Mills warned that democracy could lead to a ‘tyranny of the majority’ where the minority’s culture and views would be crushed by the majority. For Mills, this is evil in its purest form because it’s horrifying in its result and for its flagrant hypocrisy under the banner of democracy. As a result, Mill champions that the only freedom worth having the name is “that of pursuing our own good so long as we do not attempt to deprive others of theirs, or impede their efforts to obtain it.” The sole end of any form of interference is to prevent harm to others – otherwise known as the harm principle. Any violation of this Harm Principle is evil. Friedrich Nietzsche shook the attitudes of the Western philosophers towards evil up again by challenging notions of right and wrong. Morality, he asserted, was a defense mechanism for the weak. In the whole, many of these ideas of what it is to be ‘good’ are life-denying, while ‘evil’ behavior is life-affirming. For example, wealth and societal inequality is viewed as a form of evil in popular imagination. Yet, who is to deny that inequality is not a natural part of all biospheres, whether in all living and non-living entities? What is viewed as evil in Western philosophy, according to Nietzsche, is often amorally natural. Our system of ‘slave morality’ has concretized a particular idea of ‘good’ and ‘evil’ that Western philosophers have accepted as the base of their philosophy. Nietzsche asserted that teal philosophical courage requires us to challenge the foundations of what ‘good’ and ‘evil.’ "He is a great observer, and he looks Quite through the deeds of men." Shakespeare Julius Cæsar. ACT I Scene 2.